Juventudes en la era digital de la industria 4.0: nuevas formas de poder, una mirada desde la escuela

Fecha
2025
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Universidad de Manizales; Fundación Centro Internacional de Educación y Desarrollo Humano (CINDE)
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Resumen
Este artículo analiza las formas de poder que emergen en un colegio privado del municipio de Envigado (Antioquia), caracterizado por su población estudiantil de estratos medios-altos y un alto nivel de exposición a dispositivos digitales. A través de entrevistas, análisis documental y observación participante, se examinan las tensiones entre las políticas institucionales de control digital y las prácticas cotidianas de los estudiantes de grados 10° y 11°, evidenciando la presencia de dispositivos de vigilancia y autoexplotación que operan desde una lógica algorítmica. Entre los hallazgos más importantes, se destaca una forma renovada de biopolítica escolar, donde la represión institucional frente al uso de tecnologías no solo es ineficaz, sino que reproduce dinámicas de control que limitan el desarrollo de subjetividades críticas y autónomas. La investigación concluye que es necesario reconfigurar las prácticas pedagógicas hacia una educación crítica que no solo regule, sino que forme en alfabetización digital, ética tecnológica y ciudadanía activa en contextos marcados por la inteligencia artificial y las redes sociales. Esta propuesta implica habilitar espacios educativos para el análisis reflexivo y la apropiación consciente de las tecnologías emergentes.
This article analyzes the forms of power that emerge in a private school in the municipality of Envigado (Antioquia), characterized by a student population from upper-middle social strata and a high level of exposure to digital devices. Through interviews, document analysis, and participant observation, it examines the tensions between institutional policies of digital control and the everyday practices of 10th- and 11th-grade students, highlighting the presence of surveillance and self-exploitation mechanisms operating within an algorithmic logic. Among the most significant findings is the identification of a renewed form of school biopolitics, in which institutional repression of technology use is not only ineffective but also reproduces control dynamics that restrict the development of critical and autonomous subjectivities. The study concludes that pedagogical practices must be reconfigured toward a critical education that not only regulates but also promotes digital literacy, technological ethics, and active citizenship in contexts shaped by artificial intelligence and social media. This proposal calls for the creation of educational spaces that foster reflective analysis and the conscious appropriation of emerging technologies.
This article analyzes the forms of power that emerge in a private school in the municipality of Envigado (Antioquia), characterized by a student population from upper-middle social strata and a high level of exposure to digital devices. Through interviews, document analysis, and participant observation, it examines the tensions between institutional policies of digital control and the everyday practices of 10th- and 11th-grade students, highlighting the presence of surveillance and self-exploitation mechanisms operating within an algorithmic logic. Among the most significant findings is the identification of a renewed form of school biopolitics, in which institutional repression of technology use is not only ineffective but also reproduces control dynamics that restrict the development of critical and autonomous subjectivities. The study concludes that pedagogical practices must be reconfigured toward a critical education that not only regulates but also promotes digital literacy, technological ethics, and active citizenship in contexts shaped by artificial intelligence and social media. This proposal calls for the creation of educational spaces that foster reflective analysis and the conscious appropriation of emerging technologies.
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Cuarta revolución industrial, Redes sociales, Jóvenes - Culturas y Poderes, Escuela, Subjetividad, Prácticas pedagógicas